{"id":22544,"date":"2025-04-12T14:18:49","date_gmt":"2025-04-12T06:18:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cnteaspirit.com\/?p=22544"},"modified":"2025-04-13T13:15:42","modified_gmt":"2025-04-13T05:15:42","slug":"the-timeless-legacy-of-the-mansheng-eighteen-forms-a-journey-through-yixing-teapot-artistry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cnteaspirit.com\/ar\/the-timeless-legacy-of-the-mansheng-eighteen-forms-a-journey-through-yixing-teapot-artistry\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a\u00bb: \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0641\u064a \u064a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u063a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a\u00bb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u0634\u064a\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0648 (\u77f3\u74e2) \u2013 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u064a\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0648<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u00ab\u0634\u064a\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0648\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a (\u77f3\u94eb\u63d0\u6881) \u2013 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0640 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636<\/strong> \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/strong>, \u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0648 (\u5374\u6708) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 Queyue<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 (\u534a\u74e6) \u2013 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

5. \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627 (\u767e\u7eb3) \u2013 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0640 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u00bb<\/strong> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u063a. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u201c\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u2014 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629<\/strong>. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u201c\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629\u201d \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

6. \u0647\u064a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u6a2a\u4e91) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0651\u064d \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

7. \u062c\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0646 (\u4e95\u680f) \u2013 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0626\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

8. \u0647\u064a\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u5408\u6b22) \u2013 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

9. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 (\u68cb\u5961) \u2013 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

10. \u0628\u0627\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627 (\u530f\u74dc) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0640 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0627\u00bb<\/strong>, \u060c \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong>)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0641\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648<\/em>, \u060c \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064e\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u2014 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u2014 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0633\u0650\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u064f\u0637\u0650\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

11. \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 (\u5468\u76d8) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0640 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623<\/strong>, \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

12. \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648 (\u846b\u82a6) \u2013 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629\u00bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0628\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631<\/strong>, \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

13. \u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u7b1c\u9634) \u2013 \u0638\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u00bb<\/strong> \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

14. \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0634\u064a (\u6241\u77f3) \u2013 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0640 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0634\u064a\u00bb<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0648\u062d\u0650\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/strong>, \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631<\/strong>, \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

15. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0627 (\u534a\u74dc) \u2013 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0627\u00bb<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u062e \u2014 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0626\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641<\/strong>, \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

16. \u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 (\u5ef6\u5e74) \u2013 \u0625\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

17. \u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u063a (\u89f8\u68f1) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u00ab\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u063a\u00bb<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 gu<\/em>. \u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong>, \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

18. \u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u063a (\u4e73\u9489) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0640 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u063a<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0636\u0628<\/strong>. \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: \u201c\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b\u201d<\/strong> \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 18 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u201d. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a<\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u063a<\/strong>, \u062c\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0627<\/strong>, \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u0625\u0631\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a\u00bb \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u2014 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0646\u063a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627<\/a>, \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

If you\u2019ve spent any time in the world of Yixing clay teapots, chances are you\u2019ve heard whispers of \u201cMansheng\u201d (\u66fc\u751f) or the legendary \u201cMansheng Eighteen Forms.\u201d (\u201c\u66fc\u751f\u5341\u516b\u5f0f\u201d) In the realm of yixing clay (Zisha) craftsmanship, few names evoke as much reverence as Chen Mansheng (\u9648\u66fc\u751f) and the artistic teapots that bear his vision. But what […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22545,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[88,89],"class_list":["post-22544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yixing-clay-teapot","tag-yixing-clay-teapot","tag-zisha-teapot"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"yoast_head":"\nThe Timeless Legacy of the Mansheng Eighteen Forms: A Journey Through Yixing Teapot Artistry - China Tea Spirit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"If you\u2019ve spent any time in the world of Yixing clay teapots, chances are you\u2019ve heard whispers of \u201cMansheng\u201d (\u66fc\u751f) or the legendary \u201cMansheng Eighteen\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnteaspirit.com\/ar\/the-timeless-legacy-of-the-mansheng-eighteen-forms-a-journey-through-yixing-teapot-artistry\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Timeless Legacy of the Mansheng Eighteen Forms: A Journey Through Yixing Teapot Artistry - 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